European Parliament Votes to Restrict Food Names, Sparking Controversy Over Plant-Based Labels

In a recent vote, the European Parliament has taken a decisive step to reshape food labeling by reserving names such as "steak," "burger," and "sausage" exclusively for products derived from meat. This vote, which passed with 355 in favor and 247 against, reflects a long-standing demand from agricultural unions, stating the need for clarity and transparency for consumers while honoring the work of farmers. The proposal, championed by French center-right MEP Céline Imart, aims to bolster the position of farmers in the food supply chain. Imart, who is also a cereals farmer, argues that names associated with meat should not be appropriated by plant-based alternatives. "A steak, an escalope, or a sausage are products from our livestock, not laboratory art nor plant products," she stated, emphasizing consumer awareness and farmers' recognition. However, the proposal's agreement does not ensure its implementation. It still requires approval from a majority of the EU's 27 member states, which remains uncertain. This vote marks a significant shift in the parliament, influenced by the 2024 elections that saw an influx of lawmakers with closer ties to farmers. Opposition to the vote was notably voiced by Green MEPs, who viewed the initiative as a populist maneuver. Austrian Green MEP Thomas Waitz criticized the measure, claiming it would not benefit farmers or enhance their incomes. He maintained that consumers are intelligent enough to navigate product labels, asserting that renaming plant-based foods would only create unnecessary confusion. The issue has divided the center-right European People’s Party (EPP). Although Imart’s EPP supports the proposal, group leader Manfred Weber has pointed out that there are more pressing matters than food naming conventions. Retail giants in Germany, including Aldi and Lidl, have expressed concern that renaming familiar products would hinder consumers’ ability to make informed choices. Germany is the largest market for plant-based products, and changes to naming could significantly impact these businesses. The French livestock sector has shown robust backing for the proposal, warning of potential consumer deception regarding products that mimic meat. Jean-François Guihard, head of Interbev, a French livestock association, echoed this sentiment, insisting that consumer protection is paramount. Historically, France attempted to implement similar measures in 2020, banning terms like "steak" and "sausage" from being used for plant-based foods, but the European Court of Justice ruled the ban illegal under EU law the following year. Consumer interest in this subject appears limited. A survey by the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC) revealed that most consumers do not concern themselves with meat-related names, provided that products are clearly labeled as vegetarian or vegan. Irina Popescu, food policy officer at BEUC, criticized the parliamentary vote as disappointing, arguing that it undermines consumer intelligence. The proposed measures spotlight a broader debate around food labeling and consumer protection in Europe. With a growing popularity of plant-based diets, the future of food nomenclature remains a contentious issue among lawmakers, consumer advocates, and the agricultural community alike. Related Sources: • Source 1 • Source 2 • Source 3