Macron's Historic Visit to the UK: Symbolism and Substance in Franco-British Relations

On Tuesday, the three-day state visit of French President Emmanuel Macron to the United Kingdom commenced, marking a significant moment as it is the first visit by a French head of state since Nicolas Sarkozy in 2008, and notably the first by a European leader following Brexit. This visit is not just ceremonial; it symbolizes an effort to celebrate the alliance between France and the UK during a period of improving relations amidst ongoing tensions due to Brexit. A focal point of this visit will be the discussion between British Prime Minister Keir Starmer and Macron regarding strategies to combat the issue of migrants crossing the English Channel, a pressing concern that has escalated in recent years. The Labour Party, under Starmer’s leadership, won the elections last July with a promise to address irregular immigration, often criticized for echoing the tougher stances of previous Conservative governments. However, despite efforts, the number of migrants attempting the perilous crossing has surged. From January to June 2025, almost 20,000 migrants made the journey from France to the UK, reflecting a 48% increase from the preceding year. 2022 recorded the highest total of arrivals during this period, with 46,000 migrants, while 2024 tragically noted the highest number of drownings, with 82 confirmed deaths. Many more migrants likely remain unaccounted for, as numerous attempts go unreported. Efforts to deter these crossings have been supported by joint initiatives, including the UK’s financial commitment of £480 million to France aimed at enhancing surveillance and enforcement on the northern coasts. This funding has facilitated the deployment of 1,200 law enforcement agents, underscoring the collaborative approach both nations are attempting. However, with the continuous rise in crossings, these measures are under immense scrutiny, and there may be a push from Starmer to increase funding even further. During their bilateral discussions, Macron and Starmer are expected to explore a range of potential measures. One proposal considers amending French laws to broaden the area from which law enforcement can intercept migrant boats beyond the current 300 meters from the shore. Another more controversial proposal involves a reciprocal agreement to allow the expulsion of asylum seekers between countries on a one-to-one basis. While this would primarily serve a symbolic purpose, both leaders hope it might deter future attempts. Historically, Macron has expressed reluctance towards such agreements, insisting that comprehensive dialogue with the European Union should take precedence. However, the pressure on Starmer’s government to present tangible outcomes may motivate a more expedient diplomatic gesture. The ceremonial aspects of Macron's visit remain paramount. Both nations are keen to convey a message of renewed camaraderie. Events will include a formal reception by King Charles III and Macron's speech before the British Parliament, a prestigious tradition followed by French predecessors like Charles de Gaulle and François Mitterrand. Amidst rising speculation, many experts view this visit as a signal of restored relations, which had significantly deteriorated following Brexit, particularly during the tenure of the last Conservative administration. In conclusion, while the visit holds symbolic weight, it also presents an opportunity for both leaders to address pressing issues head-on. The outcomes may range from mere rhetoric to actionable agreements aimed at reshaping the trajectory of Franco-British relationships in light of shared challenges. Macron's arrival in London is being interpreted not only as a bilateral gathering of significance but also as a pivotal moment for both nations as they navigate a post-Brexit landscape. Related Sources: • Source 1 • Source 2