Strengthening Ties: The EU's Growing Relationship with India

In February of last year, Ursula von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, made a significant visit to New Delhi accompanied by her commissioners. Almost a year later, the European Union (EU) continues to deepen its investment in its relationship with India, highlighted by von der Leyen's return to India alongside the President of the European Council, Antonio Costa. They are set to be the guests of honor at India's Republic Day celebrations from January 25 to 27. Their visit follows a trip by German Chancellor Friedrich Merz in mid-January and precedes French President Emmanuel Macron’s visit scheduled for early February. Each of these visits aims to discuss or even finalize treaties and contracts, predominantly focused on arms deals—submarines with Germany and Rafale fighter jets with France. This continued engagement underscores India's status as the world’s largest importer of foreign weaponry. Among the key items on the agenda is the long-discussed free trade agreement between India and the EU, which is anticipated to reach finalization during this current visit by the European Commission President. However, the specifics remain uncertain, with fears circulating that it may not meet the expectations of both sides due to protectionist tendencies. Notably, agriculture has been excluded from these negotiations. Even if the treaty risks being incomplete, similar to the one signed in 2025 between India and the United Kingdom—which was aimed at establishing new trade agreements in the wake of Brexit—it has already received grand accolades from von der Leyen, who has termed it the 'mother of all treaties.' Additionally, Commission Vice President Kaja Kallas announced the unexpected signing of a defense and security partnership between the EU and India. These agreements hold significant political implications. They send a message to the global stage, emphasizing the existence of alternatives to U.S. influence, especially as former President Donald Trump alters the geopolitical landscape and imposes substantial tariffs on nations that have traditionally viewed themselves as U.S. allies. In India's case, these tariffs began at 25% and were later doubled to dissuade the country from purchasing Russian oil. As the EU and India strengthen their ties through these agreements, both parties are looking toward a future that may redefine global alliances and economic partnerships. Related Sources: • Source 1 • Source 2 • Source 3